Daily Sun
Sunspot Regions
Daily Sun: Sunspots ℹ️
This canvas displays the latest sunspot data. Sunspots are temporary phenomena on the Sun's photosphere that appear as spots darker than the surrounding areas. They are caused by reduced surface temperature due to concentrations of magnetic field flux that inhibit convection. The sunspot number is an important indicator of solar activity.
Spotless Days
YearTotal DaysPercentage
Sunspot Counts (Past 30-Days)
Sunspot Counts (Past 30-Days) ℹ️
This chart displays the daily sunspot counts over the past 30 days. Sunspots are temporary phenomena on the Sun's photosphere that appear as spots darker than the surrounding areas. They are caused by concentrations of magnetic field flux that inhibit convection. The number of sunspots correlates with solar activity and can impact space weather, which affects satellite operations, communication systems, and power grids on Earth.
Solar Flares
Solar Flares
Solar Flares ℹ️
This video shows the latest solar flares captured by the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). Solar flares are sudden explosions of energy caused by tangling, crossing, or reorganizing of magnetic field lines near sunspots. These events can impact satellite operations, communications, and even power grids on Earth.
Today's Solar Flare Risk
Flare TypeProbability (%)
C-Class0%
M-Class0%
X-Class0%
Today's Solar Flare Risk ℹ️
This table displays the probabilities of different classes of solar flares occurring today. These probabilities are updated regularly and may differ from other panels.
Latest Sunspot Regions
RegionNo. C-FlaresNo. M-FlaresNo. X-FlaresC Flare Prob.M Flare Prob.X Flare Prob.
Coronal Holes and Solar Wind Speed
Coronal Holes
Coronal Holes ℹ️
This video shows the latest coronal holes captured by the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). Coronal holes are regions where the Sun's corona is darker, colder, and has lower-density plasma. These areas are associated with high-speed solar wind streams that can interact with Earth's magnetosphere, leading to geomagnetic storms and auroras.
Solar Wind Speed
Solar Wind Speed ℹ️
This chart displays the solar wind speed data from the SWPC. The solar wind speed indicates the flow of charged particles from the sun, which can impact space weather conditions.

A solar wind speed above 500 km/s is considered high and can significantly impact Earth's magnetosphere, potentially causing geomagnetic storms.
Density
Density ℹ️
This chart displays the density data from the SWPC. Density indicates the concentration of solar wind particles, which can affect space weather conditions.

A density reading above 10 cm³ is considered high and can impact the Earth's magnetosphere, potentially causing geomagnetic disturbances.
Planetary K-Index (3-Hour Data)
PLANETARY K-INDEX (3-HOUR DATA)
Planetary K-Index ℹ️
The K-index quantifies disturbances in the horizontal component of Earth's magnetic field with an integer in the range 0-9. A K-index of 5 or more indicates a geomagnetic storm.

Kp < 5
Kp = 5 (G1)
Kp = 6 (G2)
Kp = 7 (G3)
Kp = 8, 9- (G4)
Kp = 9o (G5)
Coronal Mass Ejections
Coronal Mass Ejections (C3)
Coronal Mass Ejections ℹ️
This video shows the latest coronal mass ejections captured by the LASCO C3 instrument on the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO). Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are significant releases of plasma and magnetic field from the solar corona. They can cause geomagnetic storms that may disrupt satellite communications and power grids on Earth.
Latest CMEs
CME iCoronal Mass Ejection (CME) numberOnset iThe earliest indication of the CME's liftoff timeDur. iThe duration of the CME's liftoff in hoursAng. iThe principal angle of the CME in degreesWidth iThe angular width of the CME in degreesMed. Vel. iThe median velocity of the CME in km/sVel. Var. iThe variation (1 sigma) of velocity across the CME's widthMin. Vel. iThe lowest velocity detected within the CME in km/sMax. Vel. iThe highest velocity detected within the CME in km/sHalo? iIndicates whether the CME is classified as a halo CMEVideo iPlay the video of the CME event
Latest CMEs ℹ️
This table displays the latest CMEs detected by the Cactus software of the SIDC. The Cactus software autonomously detects CMEs in image sequences from the LASCO instrument on board SOHO.
Coronal Mass Ejections
Coronal Mass Ejections (C2)
Coronal Mass Ejections ℹ️
The LASCO C2 instrument captures coronal mass ejections (CMEs) closer to the sun compared to C3. This video provides a more detailed view of the CME's initial ejection and its development. CMEs observed by C2 can provide critical information about the early stages of these solar events, helping scientists understand the forces driving them and predict their potential impact on Earth.
ENLIL Spiral
ENLIL Spiral
ENLIL Spiral ℹ️
The ENLIL spiral is a model output that shows the predicted solar wind and CME (Coronal Mass Ejection) propagation in the heliosphere. It helps in understanding the space weather conditions and their potential impact on Earth.
GOES X-Ray Flux Chart
GOES X-Ray Flux
GOES X-Ray Flux ℹ️
This chart displays the X-ray flux levels detected by the GOES-16 satellite. X-ray flux measures the intensity of X-rays emitted by the sun. High X-ray flux levels can indicate solar flares or other solar activity, which can affect satellite operations and communications on Earth.
Solar Wind and Magnetic Field Data
Solar Wind and Magnetic Field Data
Solar Wind and Magnetic Field Data ℹ️
This chart displays various solar wind and magnetic field parameters over time.

Bz (nT): This is the vertical component of the interplanetary magnetic field. Changes in Bz can indicate solar storms affecting Earth's magnetic field.
Phi (gsm): This measures the angle of the magnetic field in the solar wind. It helps understand the direction of the magnetic field.
Proton Density (p/cm³): This shows the number of protons in a cubic centimeter of solar wind. High density can signal increased solar activity.
Proton Speed (km/s): This measures the speed of the solar wind protons. Faster speeds can mean stronger solar wind impacting Earth.
Proton Temperature (K): This indicates the temperature of the solar wind protons. Higher temperatures are associated with more active solar regions.
GOES Proton Flux
GOES Proton Flux
GOES Proton Flux ℹ️
This chart displays the proton flux levels detected by the GOES-18 satellite. Proton flux measures the number of protons (charged particles) from the sun striking the satellite's sensors. High proton flux levels can indicate solar storms or other solar activity, which can affect satellite operations and communications on Earth. The red dashed line represents the threshold for proton flux at ≥10 MeV, above which a warning is issued.
Latest D-Rap Absorption Map
Latest D-Rap Absorption Map
Latest D-Rap Absorption Map
D-Rap Absorption ℹ️
This map shows high-frequency radio signal absorption caused by energetic particles entering Earth's atmosphere. It is updated every 5 minutes.
Latest Aurora Activity
Latest Aurora Activity
Northern Hemisphere
Latest Aurora Activity - Northern Hemisphere
Southern Hemisphere
Latest Aurora Activity - Southern Hemisphere
Aurora Activity Data ℹ️
This panel displays the latest aurora activity in the northern and southern hemispheres. Auroras occur when solar wind particles collide with Earth's atmosphere, creating beautiful displays of light. The data is updated every 5 minutes.
Hemispheric Power
Hemispheric Power ℹ️
This chart displays the hemispheric power index, indicating the total power of the auroras in the northern and southern hemispheres. A reading above 50 GW is considered high and indicates strong auroral activity.
Solar Cycle Chart
Solar Cycle Sunspot Number
Solar Cycle Sunspot Number ℹ️
This chart shows the monthly sunspot numbers, smoothed sunspot numbers, and NOAA forecast for the solar cycle. Use the navigator below the chart to select a custom date range.
Solar Cycle Comparison
Solar Cycle Comparison
Solar Cycle Comparison ℹ️
This chart shows a comparison of sunspot numbers for each solar cycle. Use the legend below to select and compare different solar cycles.
Solar Cycle F10.7 Index Chart
Solar Cycle F10.7 Index
Solar Cycle F10.7 Index ℹ️
This chart shows the observed F10.7, smoothed F10.7, and predicted F10.7 values for the solar cycle. Use the navigator below the chart to select a custom date range.
Latest Space Weather News
Latest Space Weather News

09:00 UTC, Oct 18, 2024

Solar Activity: Output remains somewhat elevated. Currently, solar wind speeds are elevated, with ongoing solar activity leading to moderate chances of M-class flares. These flares could result in occasional radio blackouts affecting high-frequency communications, especially on the sunlit side of the Earth.

Geomagnetic Activity and Auroras: A Kp index of around 4-5 is forecast today, indicating the possibility of G1 (minor) geomagnetic storms. However, geomagnetic conditions are likely to fluctuate, leading to auroral activity visible at high latitudes, including northern U.S. states and regions like Canada and Scandinavia. Aurora visibility could extend to more southern regions if geomagnetic activity intensifies unexpectedly. A coronal hole's solar wind stream may impact Earth between October 18 and 19, leading to slightly elevated geomagnetic activity.

Scroll to Top